Technological advancements as
well as development of efficient diagnostic tests will ensure early detection
of the disease, thereby augmenting growth of the Cholestasis
Treatment Market. Cholestasis disease can affect many sides of lipid
metabolism. Accumulation of toxic bile constituents in hepatocytes owing to
disturbance of the bile from the liver to the gut can harm hepatocytes, which
might result into damaged synthetic functionality and lessened production of
enzymes concerned in the lipoprotein metabolism. Moreover, lipoprotein
discharge is disturbed at some stage in cholestasis, revealed by decline in HDL
levels and emergence of the abnormal lipoprotein X in the plasma. Since
cholestasis can be linked to a variety of diseases, its treatment is of utmost
importance.
The liver plays a pivotal role in
control of a variety of aspects of lipid metabolism. Principally, the liver
synthesizes bile, ingredients of which are necessary for fat absorption in the
intestine. Moreover, biliary discharge of cholesterol and phospholipids into
the intestine is of key significance in body lipid homeostasis. Additionally,
the liver supplies the plasma lipoproteins; it produces apoproteins that is
responsible for regulating many metabolic interconversions amongst lipoprotein
classes. It also regulates lipoprotein lipid ingredients such as triglycerides,
cholesterol, and phospholipids. Cholestasis is a state in which the bile juice
from the liver cannot flow to the duodenum (the first section of the small
intestine). There are two basic types of cholestasis – obstructive type of
cholestasis, and metabolic types of cholestasis. In obstructive type of
cholestasis, there is a blockage in the duct system that carries the bile from
the liver, whereas in the metabolic type of cholestasis there is a problem in
the formation of bile in the liver. The former can occur due to gallstone or
malignancy, while the latter can be genetic or may occur due to side effects of
other drugs. Symptoms of cholestasis include itchiness, jaundice, pale stool,
and dark urine.
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One of the major cholestasis
types is obstetric cholestatis. According to the Royal College of Obstetricians
and Gynecologists, obstetric cholestasis affects 0.7% of pregnancies in the
multiethnic populations in addition to 1.2–1.5% of pregnant women of Indian or
Pakistani origin, in England. The prevalence of obstetric cholestasis is shaped
by genetic as well as environmental factors. The statistics varies amongst
populations worldwide. For instance, 2.4% of all pregnancies are affected in
Chile. There is growing prevalence of this disease in the world, which in turn
will propel the growth of the overall cholestasis treatment market.
Growing prevalence of obstetric
cholestasis to drive growth of the overall cholestasis treatment market
According to a report published
in National Center for Biotechnology Information, Intrahepatic cholestasis of
pregnancy (ICP) or obstetric cholestasis is the major liver disease during
pregnancy. Obstetric cholestasis is characteristically a reversible disease
typically occurring in the second to third trimester. It is characterized by
pruritus (severe itching of the skin) mainly in the palms and soles, prominent
serum aminotransferases coupled with increased serum bile acid levels. As the
number of pregnancies is likely to increase in the near future, so is the
prevalence of cholestasis. Moreover, cholestasis can be hereditary in nature.
There is a significant presence of chronic cholestasis in children owing to the
nature of the disease. According to the National Center for Biotechnology
Information, hereditary disorders of biliary atresia and intrahepatic
cholestasis are the major causes of chronic liver disease amongst children. In
children, they also act as the key indicators for liver transplantation. The
growing population ensures increased occurrences of the disease amongst
children. This in turn will drive growth of the overall cholestasis treatment
market during the forecast period.
Some of the major companies operating in the cholestasis
treatment market are Eli Lily and Company, Palmetto Health, Asklepion
Pharmaceuticals, LLC, and Abbott Laboratories.
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Key Developments
Major players in the market are
focused on conducting clinical trials to assess their novel therapies for the
treatment of cholestasis. For instance, in July 2019, Genkyotex, a
biopharmaceutical company, announced positive post-hoc analysis of phase 2
trial that assessed the use of Setanaxib, a NOX-1/4 enzyme inhibitor, for the
treatment of cholestatic liver disease.
Research and development related
to cholestasis is expected to boost the market growth. For instance, a study
presented by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York at Digestive
Disease Week 2019 in San Diego identified a link between intrahepatic
cholestasis of pregnancy and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
However, failure of therapies in
the treatment of cholestasis is expected to hinder the market growth. For
instance, in August 2019, a study by King’s College London published in The
Lancet found that treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid does not reduce adverse
perinatal outcomes in women suffering from intrahepatic cholestasis of
pregnancy.
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