Microbial
cells outnumber the human cells in the ratio 10:1 in a health human
body. Human
microbiome is the study of microbes present in the human
body. These are beneficial microbes that carry out functions not
performed by any gene in the human DNA and hence, they play a very
important role in the human body. For example, these microbes produce
certain vitamins that our body cannot make, breakdown our food, equip
our immune system to recognize harmful foreign bodies, and produce
anti-inflammatory compounds against it. The seemingly unending
beneficial properties of microbial population was unearthed in 2008,
as part of the Human Microbiome Project (HMP) launched by the
National Institutes of Health (NIH). The HMP project aims to
characterize the human microbiome and analyze its role in human
health and disease conditions.
The
HMP has identified microbiome communities at several human body
sites, including gastrointestinal tract, skin, oral cavity, nasal
passages, and urogenital tract. Currently, the HMP projects are
focused on three areas – pregnancy and preterm birth, onset
inflammatory bowel disease, and onset of type 2 diabetes.
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Global
Human Microbiome Market Taxonomy
Research
in this field has led to the emergence of various microbiome-based
products. The global human microbiome market is analyzed on the basis
of product type into probiotics, prebiotics, foods, medial foods,
diagnostic devices, and other drugs and supplements. Prebiotics are
increasing demand worldwide, with growing awareness about the various
beneficial properties of the product such as improved digestion,
better gut health, help with weight loss, and reduced risk of heart
disease.
On
the basis of application, the global human microbiome market is
segmented into therapeutic and diagnostic. Therapeutic use of human
microbiome is increasing with research yielding new applications and
usage of human microbiome. The market is thus expected to be
inclining towards therapeutic applications in near future. Moreover,
microbiome products are considered to be relatively safe, which
creates a highly conducive environment for growth of human microbiome
industry.
The
human microbiome can also be analyzed based on the technology used
for conducting research in this field. These technologies include
cell culture technology, high-throughput technology, omics technology
and computational tools. Products used for research include
instruments (analyzers and other laboratory instruments) and
consumables (kits and reagents).
Market
participants can also understand the human microbiome market dynamics
through analysis for different health conditions such as obesity,
diabetes, acute diarrhea, mental disorders, autoimmune disorders,
cancer, and other diseases.
Human
microbiome market: Regional overview
The
human microbiome market is in growth stage and is rapidly emerging,
with promising future. The market is highly developed in North
America and Europe, where product and technology is high among the
consumers, researchers and healthcare practitioners. Introduction of
new products and microbiome modulators in these regions would propel
market growth. There is high interest in incorporating microbiome
modulators in food and dietary supplements of human diet in order to
supply the body with the missing dietary supplements. The human
microbiome technology and products would gain significant traction in
the emerging economies of Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle
East regions. Growing product awareness, rising demand for safe
medical products and increasing research activities would be the
driving factors for human microbiome industry in these regions.
Top
Key Players:
Some
of the key players in the global human microbiome market include
Merck & Co. Inc., Affymetrix Inc., Vithera Pharmaceuticals,
Microbiome Therapeutics, LLC, Vedanta Biosciences, Inc., Metabiomics
Corporation, Enterome Bioscience, Osel, Inc., Yakult Honsha Co.,
Ltd., Second Genome, Inc. and E.I. Du Pont De Nemours and Company.
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