Capnography
is the process of extensive measurement and display of concentrations
or partial pressures of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the respiratory gases
by using a capnograph. It accurately measure the levels of carbon
dioxide released into the bloodstream. The readings are presented as
a graph of expiratory CO2 plotted against time or expired volume
called as capnogram. A capnogram is direct monitoring of inhaled and
exhaled concentrations of CO2 and an indirect monitoring of CO2 in
arterial blood. There is a very small difference in pressure between
arterial blood and exhaled CO2 among healthy individuals. On the
other hand, a large difference between arterial blood and exhaled
gas, sometimes exceeding 1kPa, is observed in people suffering from
various forms of lung diseases and some forms of congenital heart
diseases.
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Capnography
majorly depicts all the three components of respiration: metabolism,
transport, and ventilation and therefore gives an excellent picture
of the respiratory process. This is a major help for people who
suffer from asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
as it will help in proper patient monitoring and take further
medications accordingly. The American Society of Anesthesiologists
(ASA) endorses end-tidal capnography as a standard of care for
general anesthesia, deep sedation and moderate sedation. Other
specialties include critical care and emergency medicine.
Rising
demand for effective monitoring of carbon dioxide levels was limited
due to involvement of pulse oximetry, which takes 4-5 minutes to
reflect respiratory status of the individual while capnographs
provides the ventilation status of individuals in real time, thereby
improving patient care. According to the American Thoracic Society,
approximately 360,000 respiratory failure cases every year are
observed in the U.S., and of this 36% of deaths occur during
hospitalization, 30% of individuals die post-surgery and up to 7% of
all Medicare individuals among them in 2014 were indicated with
respiratory compromise--a state characterized by respiratory
failures, insufficiency, respiratory arrest or death.
Market
in emerging economies is expected to augment on account of
recommendations by global and government healthcare organizations
North
America dominates the global capnography devices market due to
rampant development of advanced products in the region. Latin America
capnography devices industry is experiencing a significant growth
majorly due to the recommendations to use capnography in routine
hospital settings by esteemed organizations and government bodies.
The World Health Organization (WHO) published a report on safe
surgery in 2009 that recommended the use of capnography monitoring
devices during endotracheal tube placement, hypoventilation and
esophageal intubation for better possible outcomes in patients. The
Uruguayan Society of Anesthesiologists and the American Society of
Anesthesiologists also recommends the usage of capnography monitoring
in routine-use during procedural sedation and anesthetics. These
guidelines by the organizations substantiate the importance of
capnography equipment in hospital use.
Product
innovation by market players contributing towards capnography devices
market growth
Key
players in capnography devices market include Dragerwerk AG & Co.
KGaA., Welch Allyn, Inc., Smiths Medical, Medtronic, Inc., Philips
Healthcare, Masimo, Nonin Medical, Inc., Nihon Kohden Corporation,
CareFusion Corporation and Dia Medica, Inc.
Capnography
Devices Market Taxonomy:
On
the basis of technology, the global market is classified into:
-
Capnographs
-
Mainstream capnographs
-
Sidestream capnographs
-
Microstream capnographs
-
Disposables
On
the basis of device type, the global market is classified into:
-
Handheld
-
Stand-alone
-
Others
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