Natural
killer cells are a form of granular lymphocytes of varying sizes that
play an important role in innate immunity in the human body. They
typically constitute of around 10% of total blood lymphocytes as
compared to around 70% and 20% of T cells and B cells, respectively.
Natural killer cells are cytotoxic in nature and are able to kill
their targets cells by two different mechanisms: as antibody
dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and as simple natural
killer activity of these cells. Furthermore, lectin-like receptors
are one of two complex families of membrane receptors that recognize
carbohydrates expressed on all cells. Such receptor engages its
ligand when a natural killer cell encounters any normal cell that
leads to generation of signal triggered, which in turn stimulates the
natural killer cells to carry out its process. Though natural killer
cells are demonstrated to be critical elements in the early immune
response to a large variety of intracellular pathogens, they are used
in clinical applications for treating lymphomas and other disorders.
This in turn is expected to favor growth of the natural killer cells
market over the forecast period (2016–2024).
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Keen
focus of various organizations towards immuno-oncology to fuel growth
of the natural killer cells market over the forecast period:
The
global natural killer cells market is highly competitive and
fragmented, though companies are investing of specific therapy using
natural killer cell products to be used in immune-oncology to treat
cancer and other tumors. Major players in the market are developing
novel products and spending significantly in research and development
to expand their product portfolio. Major players in the market of
natural killer cells include NantKwest, NKT Therapeutics Inc,
AvidBiotics, Glycostem, Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc., CellGenix GmbH,
Lonza and R&D Systems, Inc.
Application
of the cells in treatment of critical diseases is expected to favor
growth of the natural killer cells market:
Natural
killer cells play an important role in stem-cell transplantation in
therapies involving such cells activating endogenous natural killer
cells and may transfer exogenous cells through adoptive cell therapy
(ACT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). According
to National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National
Library of Medicine, in 2014, such therapies are less effective in
eliminating cancer stem cells as revealed by various studies.
Major
players in the natural killer cells market are engaged in research
and development process and offer a large product portfolio. For
instance, R&D Systems offer a wide range of reagents for
culturing natural killer cells and investigating natural killer cell
and tumor cell interactions and various other components such as
recombinant proteins, blocking/neutralization antibodies,
fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies and ELISA Kits.
Natural
Killer Cells Market Taxonomy:
By
Product Type:
-
Kits
-
Reagents
By
Application:
-
AIDS
-
Malignant and Non-Malignant Cancer
-
Immunotherapy
-
Stem Cell Transplantation
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